詳細(xì)介紹
51304453-150
51304453-150
:祖巧麗
:
熱電阻是中低溫區(qū)zui常用的一種溫度檢測(cè)器询嘹。它的主要特點(diǎn)是測(cè)量精度高庵动,性能穩(wěn)定。其中鉑熱是阻的測(cè)量精確度是zui高的呜谓,它不僅廣泛應(yīng)用于工業(yè)測(cè)溫暮课,而且被制成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的基準(zhǔn)儀。
1.熱電阻測(cè)溫原理及材料
熱電阻測(cè)溫是基于金屬導(dǎo)體的電阻值隨溫度的增加而增加這一特性來(lái)進(jìn)行溫度測(cè)量的洼荡。熱電阻大都由純金屬材料制成何别,目前應(yīng)用zui多的是鉑和銅,此外胯恤,現(xiàn)在已開(kāi)始采用甸挥萌、鎳、錳和銠等材料制造熱電阻枉侧。
2.熱電阻的結(jié)構(gòu)
∫佟(1)精通型熱電阻 工業(yè)常用熱電阻感溫元件(電阻體)的結(jié)構(gòu)及特點(diǎn)見(jiàn)表2-1-11。從熱電阻的測(cè)溫原理可知榨馁,被測(cè)溫度的變化是直接通過(guò)熱電阻阻值的變化來(lái)測(cè)量的憨栽,因此,熱電阻體的引出線等各種導(dǎo)線電阻的變化會(huì)給溫度測(cè)量帶來(lái)影響翼虫。為消除引線電阻的影響同般采用三線制或四線制屑柔。
(2)鎧裝熱電阻 鎧裝熱電阻是由感溫元件(電阻體)、引線掸宛、絕緣材料死陆、不銹鋼套管組合而成的堅(jiān)實(shí)體,它的外徑一般為φ2~φ8mm唧瘾,zui小可達(dá)φmm措译。與普通型熱電阻相比,它有下列優(yōu)點(diǎn):①體積小禀丁,內(nèi)部無(wú)空氣隙翼辱,熱慣性上,測(cè)量滯后锌缁吴烹;②機(jī)械性能好、耐振肾俯,抗沖擊眨攀;③能彎曲,便于安裝④使用壽命長(zhǎng)诬忱。
√踝(3)端面熱電阻 端面熱電阻感溫元件由特殊處理的電阻絲材繞制,緊貼在溫度計(jì)端面疚编,其結(jié)構(gòu)如圖2-1-8所示递思。它與一般軸向熱電阻相比,能更正確和快速地反映被測(cè)端面的實(shí)際溫度在膏,適用于測(cè)量軸瓦和其他機(jī)件的端面溫度毕删。
(4)隔爆型熱電阻 隔爆型熱電阻通過(guò)特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的接線盒檬寂,把其外殼內(nèi)部爆炸性混合氣體因受到火花或電弧等影響而發(fā)生的爆炸局限在接線盒內(nèi)终抽,生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)不會(huì)引超爆炸。隔爆型熱電阻可用于Bla~B3c級(jí)區(qū)內(nèi)具有爆炸危險(xiǎn)場(chǎng)所的溫度測(cè)量桶至。
3.熱電阻測(cè)溫系統(tǒng)的組成
熱電阻測(cè)溫系統(tǒng)一般由熱電阻昼伴、連接導(dǎo)線和顯示儀表等組成。必須注意以下兩點(diǎn):
×鸵佟①熱電阻和顯示儀表的分度號(hào)必須*圃郊;
②為了消除連接導(dǎo)線電阻變化的影響女蜈,必須采用三線制接法持舆。
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